From Hassan II to Mohammed VI: A Journey of Sovereignty Restoration and National Identity Strengthening through the Green March
Each year on November 6th, Morocco celebrates the anniversary of the Green March, a historic moment that illuminated the nation’s path to reclaiming its southern provinces. It is an occasion that rekindles the spirit of national unity and solidarity between the throne and the people, recalling key milestones from the era of the late King Hassan II, who conceived the idea of the March, to the era of King Mohammed VI, who continues to work on strengthening national sovereignty.
A Symbol of National Unity and Solidarity
The Green March remains a symbol of national unity and solidarity, which resulted in Morocco’s reclamation of the Moroccan Sahara, reinforcing the country’s national identity. This moment embodied the spirit of unity and expressed the people’s will to confront challenges. The significance of this event lies in its ability to renew national awareness and deepen the sense of belonging to Morocco. The March was not merely a passing event but a starting point for shaping national policies, uniting Moroccans around the Sahara issue and underscoring the importance of preserving territorial integrity.
Political and Diplomatic Challenges
Since the Green March began in 1975, Morocco has faced considerable political and diplomatic challenges. The issue has been a central theme in regional and international relations. Algeria, which supports the Polisario Front, has played a major role in opposing Morocco, providing the Polisario with military and financial support and using international organizations like the African Union to promote its stance, impacting Morocco’s efforts to restore sovereignty.
Spain, as a former colonial power, has sought to maintain its historical interests in the region. Not only has it hesitated to recognize Moroccan sovereignty over the Sahara, but it has also opened diplomatic channels with the Polisario, complicating the situation further. These political dynamics have made it difficult for Morocco to strengthen its international position, posing challenges to its diplomatic strategies.
Multi-Dimensional Diplomatic Strategies
Over time, some European countries have attempted to undermine Morocco’s position, which prompted Morocco to intensify its diplomatic efforts and strengthen alliances with other nations, particularly in Africa and Latin America. Given these complex circumstances, Morocco has adopted multi-dimensional strategies, including active diplomacy and strengthening bilateral relations with major powers.
This was demonstrated by opening dialogues with numerous countries, helping to garner international support for Morocco’s stance. For example, Morocco strengthened its relations with the United States and France, signing a military cooperation agreement with the U.S. in 2004, which reinforced their strategic partnership.
The Era of Mohammed VI: Strengthening National Sovereignty
Since King Mohammed VI ascended the throne in 1999, Morocco has continued to enhance its diplomatic strategies and improve relations with Arab and African nations. In recent years, the Sahara issue has seen a significant shift in international positions, with Morocco gaining increased support from countries like the United States, which recognized Moroccan sovereignty over the Sahara in 2020.
These efforts reflect Morocco’s strong resolve to face challenges and bolster international backing for its initiatives, highlighting its commitment to achieving stability and development in the region. Morocco has also promoted its autonomy plan, introduced in 2007, as a realistic and practical solution to the conflict, which many countries now view as the most serious basis for resolving the issue, thereby strengthening Morocco’s position in international forums.
Economic and Social Challenges
The southern provinces of Morocco have faced multiple economic and social challenges, such as poverty, unemployment, and weak infrastructure, which have significantly affected social stability and national identity. In response, Morocco has made significant investments in infrastructure development, implementing major projects, including building modern roads, ports, and schools, which have improved the quality of life for the population. For example, the development of Dakhla Port has transformed it into an economic gateway, enhancing the region’s ability to attract investments and improve living conditions.
In addition, Morocco has encouraged local initiatives and supported small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which has helped create new job opportunities and foster national belonging. The “Human Development Initiative” was launched to improve living standards in remote areas, funding projects aimed at enhancing local capacities and providing essential services. Focus has also been placed on education and vocational training, helping youth acquire the skills needed to enter the job market. These efforts reflect Morocco’s commitment to achieving sustainable development and enhancing social stability in the southern provinces, building a better future for coming generations.
Positive Developments in the Southern Provinces
In recent years, Morocco’s southern provinces have seen notable positive developments across several sectors. Moroccan authorities have successfully maintained security stability, fostering trust among residents and establishing this stability as a cornerstone for attracting investment and achieving sustainable development.
Moreover, the southern provinces have witnessed a significant increase in foreign investment, contributing to the development of key sectors such as renewable energy and tourism. These investments have not only created job opportunities but also strengthened infrastructure and improved the quality of local services.
Efforts have also been made to promote eco-tourism and cultural tourism, allowing local residents to benefit from their natural resources and rich history. These dynamics reflect Morocco’s commitment to comprehensive and sustainable development in the southern provinces, contributing to a prosperous future for future generations.
New Diplomatic Successes
Morocco has achieved significant success in signing various international agreements that reinforce its position on the Sahara issue. For example, Morocco signed trade agreements with the United States, which included recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over the Sahara, reflecting strong support from Washington and enhancing the kingdom’s international standing.
Additionally, Morocco has strengthened its partnerships with African nations by opening consulates in the southern provinces, demonstrating growing support from African countries for Morocco’s position. These steps reflect Morocco’s commitment to fostering regional cooperation and deepening ties with its neighbors.
Morocco has also been active in international and regional organizations like the African Union, which has helped solidify its legal and political position. Through these activities, Morocco has expanded its international support network, contributing to its stability and regional sovereignty. These developments reflect a clear strategic vision aimed at enhancing Morocco’s position on the global stage and supporting its stability and sustainability.
The Green March: A Lesson for Future Generations
The Green March is more than just a historical event; it is a symbol of the national spirit that lives in the hearts of Moroccans, embodying unity, solidarity, and a deep sense of national belonging in the face of challenges. The March serves as a reminder of the importance of collective action and unity among all segments of Moroccan society in defending its rights and interests. It also showcases Moroccans’ resilience, making it a lasting lesson in patriotism and sacrifice for future generations.
On the anniversary of the Green March, we renew our commitment to uphold our national principles. Reclaiming the southern provinces is a historic achievement and an ongoing journey that requires dedication and cooperation to achieve development and prosperity. Under King Mohammed VI’s leadership, we work together to strengthen national unity and support the autonomy proposals that have garnered international praise. This commemoration calls on us to continue fostering a spirit of solidarity and dedication to our beloved homeland, building a bright future marked by stability and prosperity for all.
In conclusion, the Green March remains a milestone in modern Moroccan history, embodying the determination and strong will of the Moroccan people to defend their territorial integrity and legitimate rights. This historic event is not just a memory but a constant call for all Moroccans to work together towards a future characterized by sustainable development and inclusive prosperity.
